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CSV::Row

A CSV::Row is part Array and part Hash. It retains an order for the fields and allows duplicates just as an Array would, but also allows you to access fields by name just as you could if they were in a Hash.

All rows returned by CSV will be constructed from this class, if header row processing is activated.

Attributes

row[R]

Internal data format used to compare equality.

Public Class Methods

new(headers, fields, header_row = false) click to toggle source

Construct a new CSV::Row from headers and fields, which are expected to be Arrays. If one Array is shorter than the other, it will be padded with nil objects.

The optional header_row parameter can be set to true to indicate, via CSV::Row.header_row?() and CSV::Row.field_row?(), that this is a header row. Otherwise, the row is assumes to be a field row.

A CSV::Row object supports the following Array methods through delegation:

  • empty?()

  • length()

  • size()

 
               # File csv.rb, line 237
def initialize(headers, fields, header_row = false)
  @header_row = header_row
  headers.each { |h| h.freeze if h.is_a? String }

  # handle extra headers or fields
  @row = if headers.size >= fields.size
    headers.zip(fields)
  else
    fields.zip(headers).map { |pair| pair.reverse! }
  end
end
            

Public Instance Methods

<<( field ) click to toggle source
<<( header_and_field_array )
<<( header_and_field_hash )

If a two-element Array is provided, it is assumed to be a header and field and the pair is appended. A Hash works the same way with the key being the header and the value being the field. Anything else is assumed to be a lone field which is appended with a nil header.

This method returns the row for chaining.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 382
def <<(arg)
  if arg.is_a?(Array) and arg.size == 2  # appending a header and name
    @row << arg
  elsif arg.is_a?(Hash)                  # append header and name pairs
    arg.each { |pair| @row << pair }
  else                                   # append field value
    @row << [nil, arg]
  end

  self  # for chaining
end
            
==(other) click to toggle source

Returns true if this row contains the same headers and fields in the same order as other.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 525
def ==(other)
  return @row == other.row if other.is_a? CSV::Row
  @row == other
end
            
[](header_or_index, minimum_index = 0) click to toggle source
Alias for: field
[]=( header, value ) click to toggle source
[]=( header, offset, value )
[]=( index, value )

Looks up the field by the semantics described in CSV::Row.field() and assigns the value.

Assigning past the end of the row with an index will set all pairs between to [nil, nil]. Assigning to an unused header appends the new pair.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 349
def []=(*args)
  value = args.pop

  if args.first.is_a? Integer
    if @row[args.first].nil?  # extending past the end with index
      @row[args.first] = [nil, value]
      @row.map! { |pair| pair.nil? ? [nil, nil] : pair }
    else                      # normal index assignment
      @row[args.first][1] = value
    end
  else
    index = index(*args)
    if index.nil?             # appending a field
      self << [args.first, value]
    else                      # normal header assignment
      @row[index][1] = value
    end
  end
end
            
delete( header ) click to toggle source
delete( header, offset )
delete( index )

Used to remove a pair from the row by header or index. The pair is located as described in CSV::Row.field(). The deleted pair is returned, or nil if a pair could not be found.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 417
def delete(header_or_index, minimum_index = 0)
  if header_or_index.is_a? Integer                 # by index
    @row.delete_at(header_or_index)
  elsif i = index(header_or_index, minimum_index)  # by header
    @row.delete_at(i)
  else
    [ ]
  end
end
            
delete_if(&block) click to toggle source

The provided block is passed a header and field for each pair in the row and expected to return true or false, depending on whether the pair should be deleted.

This method returns the row for chaining.

If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 436
def delete_if(&block)
  block or return enum_for(__method__) { size }

  @row.delete_if(&block)

  self  # for chaining
end
            
each(&block) click to toggle source

Yields each pair of the row as header and field tuples (much like iterating over a Hash). This method returns the row for chaining.

If no block is given, an Enumerator is returned.

Support for Enumerable.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 513
def each(&block)
  block or return enum_for(__method__) { size }

  @row.each(&block)

  self  # for chaining
end
            
fetch( header ) click to toggle source
fetch( header ) { |row| ... }
fetch( header, default )

This method will fetch the field value by header. It has the same behavior as Hash#fetch: if there is a field with the given header, its value is returned. Otherwise, if a block is given, it is yielded the header and its result is returned; if a default is given as the second argument, it is returned; otherwise a KeyError is raised.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 312
def fetch(header, *varargs)
  raise ArgumentError, "Too many arguments" if varargs.length > 1
  pair = @row.assoc(header)
  if pair
    pair.last
  else
    if block_given?
      yield header
    elsif varargs.empty?
      raise KeyError, "key not found: #{header}"
    else
      varargs.first
    end
  end
end
            
field( header ) click to toggle source
field( header, offset )
field( index )

This method will return the field value by header or index. If a field is not found, nil is returned.

When provided, offset ensures that a header match occurs on or later than the offset index. You can use this to find duplicate headers, without resorting to hard-coding exact indices.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 286
def field(header_or_index, minimum_index = 0)
  # locate the pair
  finder = (header_or_index.is_a?(Integer) || header_or_index.is_a?(Range)) ? :[] : :assoc
  pair   = @row[minimum_index..-1].send(finder, header_or_index)

  # return the field if we have a pair
  if pair.nil?
    nil
  else
    header_or_index.is_a?(Range) ? pair.map(&:last) : pair.last
  end
end
            
Also aliased as: []
field?(data) click to toggle source

Returns true if data matches a field in this row, and false otherwise.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 499
def field?(data)
  fields.include? data
end
            
field_row?() click to toggle source

Returns true if this is a field row.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 264
def field_row?
  not header_row?
end
            
fields(*headers_and_or_indices) click to toggle source

This method accepts any number of arguments which can be headers, indices, Ranges of either, or two-element Arrays containing a header and offset. Each argument will be replaced with a field lookup as described in CSV::Row.field().

If called with no arguments, all fields are returned.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 452
def fields(*headers_and_or_indices)
  if headers_and_or_indices.empty?  # return all fields--no arguments
    @row.map { |pair| pair.last }
  else                              # or work like values_at()
    headers_and_or_indices.inject(Array.new) do |all, h_or_i|
      all + if h_or_i.is_a? Range
        index_begin = h_or_i.begin.is_a?(Integer) ? h_or_i.begin :
                                                    index(h_or_i.begin)
        index_end   = h_or_i.end.is_a?(Integer)   ? h_or_i.end :
                                                    index(h_or_i.end)
        new_range   = h_or_i.exclude_end? ? (index_begin...index_end) :
                                            (index_begin..index_end)
        fields.values_at(new_range)
      else
        [field(*Array(h_or_i))]
      end
    end
  end
end
            
Also aliased as: values_at
has_key?(header) click to toggle source

Returns true if there is a field with the given header.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 329
def has_key?(header)
  !!@row.assoc(header)
end
            
Also aliased as: include?, key?, member?
header?(name) click to toggle source

Returns true if name is a header for this row, and false otherwise.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 490
def header?(name)
  headers.include? name
end
            
Also aliased as: include?
header_row?() click to toggle source

Returns true if this is a header row.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 259
def header_row?
  @header_row
end
            
headers() click to toggle source

Returns the headers of this row.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 269
def headers
  @row.map { |pair| pair.first }
end
            
include?(header) click to toggle source
Alias for: has_key?
index( header ) click to toggle source
index( header, offset )

This method will return the index of a field with the provided header. The offset can be used to locate duplicate header names, as described in CSV::Row.field().

 
               # File csv.rb, line 482
def index(header, minimum_index = 0)
  # find the pair
  index = headers[minimum_index..-1].index(header)
  # return the index at the right offset, if we found one
  index.nil? ? nil : index + minimum_index
end
            
inspect() click to toggle source

A summary of fields, by header, in an ASCII compatible String.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 550
def inspect
  str = ["#<", self.class.to_s]
  each do |header, field|
    str << " " << (header.is_a?(Symbol) ? header.to_s : header.inspect) <<
           ":" << field.inspect
  end
  str << ">"
  begin
    str.join('')
  rescue  # any encoding error
    str.map do |s|
      e = Encoding::Converter.asciicompat_encoding(s.encoding)
      e ? s.encode(e) : s.force_encoding("ASCII-8BIT")
    end.join('')
  end
end
            
key?(header) click to toggle source
Alias for: has_key?
member?(header) click to toggle source
Alias for: has_key?
push(*args) click to toggle source

A shortcut for appending multiple fields. Equivalent to:

args.each { |arg| csv_row << arg }

This method returns the row for chaining.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 401
def push(*args)
  args.each { |arg| self << arg }

  self  # for chaining
end
            
to_csv(options = Hash.new) click to toggle source

Returns the row as a CSV String. Headers are not used. Equivalent to:

csv_row.fields.to_csv( options )
 
               # File csv.rb, line 544
def to_csv(options = Hash.new)
  fields.to_csv(options)
end
            
Also aliased as: to_s
to_hash() click to toggle source

Collapses the row into a simple Hash. Be warned that this discards field order and clobbers duplicate fields.

 
               # File csv.rb, line 534
def to_hash
  # flatten just one level of the internal Array
  Hash[*@row.inject(Array.new) { |ary, pair| ary.push(*pair) }]
end
            
to_s(options = Hash.new) click to toggle source
Alias for: to_csv
values_at(*headers_and_or_indices) click to toggle source
Alias for: fields