module Net::HTTPHeader

The HTTPHeader module provides access to HTTP headers.

The module is included in:

The headers are a hash-like collection of key/value pairs called fields.

Request and Response Fields

Headers may be included in:

  • A Net::HTTPRequest object: the object’s headers will be sent with the request. Any fields may be defined in the request; see Setters.

  • A Net::HTTPResponse object: the objects headers are usually those returned from the host. Fields may be retrieved from the object; see Getters and Iterators.

Exactly which fields should be sent or expected depends on the host; see:

About the Examples

Fields

A header field is a key/value pair.

Field Keys

A field key may be:

  • A string: Key 'Accept' is treated as if it were 'Accept'.downcase; i.e., 'accept'.

  • A symbol: Key :Accept is treated as if it were :Accept.to_s.downcase; i.e., 'accept'.

Examples:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req[:accept]  # => "*/*"
req['Accept'] # => "*/*"
req['ACCEPT'] # => "*/*"

req['accept'] = 'text/html'
req[:accept] = 'text/html'
req['ACCEPT'] = 'text/html'

Field Values

A field value may be returned as an array of strings or as a string:

  • These methods return field values as arrays:

    • get_fields: Returns the array value for the given key, or nil if it does not exist.

    • to_hash: Returns a hash of all header fields: each key is a field name; its value is the array value for the field.

  • These methods return field values as string; the string value for a field is equivalent to self[key.downcase.to_s].join(', ')):

    • []: Returns the string value for the given key, or nil if it does not exist.

    • fetch: Like [], but accepts a default value to be returned if the key does not exist.

The field value may be set:

  • []=: Sets the value for the given key; the given value may be a string, a symbol, an array, or a hash.

  • add_field: Adds a given value to a value for the given key (not overwriting the existing value).

  • delete: Deletes the field for the given key.

Example field values:

  • String:

    req['Accept'] = 'text/html' # => "text/html"
    req['Accept']               # => "text/html"
    req.get_fields('Accept')    # => ["text/html"]
    
  • Symbol:

    req['Accept'] = :text    # => :text
    req['Accept']            # => "text"
    req.get_fields('Accept') # => ["text"]
    
  • Simple array:

    req[:foo] = %w[bar baz bat]
    req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat"
    req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat"]
    
  • Simple hash:

    req[:foo] = {bar: 0, baz: 1, bat: 2}
    req[:foo]            # => "bar, 0, baz, 1, bat, 2"
    req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "0", "baz", "1", "bat", "2"]
    
  • Nested:

    req[:foo] = [%w[bar baz], {bat: 0, bam: 1}]
    req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat, 0, bam, 1"
    req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat", "0", "bam", "1"]
    
    req[:foo] = {bar: %w[baz bat], bam: {bah: 0, bad: 1}}
    req[:foo]            # => "bar, baz, bat, bam, bah, 0, bad, 1"
    req.get_fields(:foo) # => ["bar", "baz", "bat", "bam", "bah", "0", "bad", "1"]
    

Convenience Methods

Various convenience methods retrieve values, set values, query values, set form values, or iterate over fields.

Setters

Method []= can set any field, but does little to validate the new value; some of the other setter methods provide some validation:

  • []=: Sets the string or array value for the given key.

  • add_field: Creates or adds to the array value for the given key.

  • basic_auth: Sets the string authorization header for 'Authorization'.

  • content_length=: Sets the integer length for field 'Content-Length.

  • content_type=: Sets the string value for field 'Content-Type'.

  • proxy_basic_auth: Sets the string authorization header for 'Proxy-Authorization'.

  • set_range: Sets the value for field 'Range'.

Form Setters

  • set_form: Sets an HTML form data set.

  • set_form_data: Sets header fields and a body from HTML form data.

Getters

Method [] can retrieve the value of any field that exists, but always as a string; some of the other getter methods return something different from the simple string value:

  • []: Returns the string field value for the given key.

  • content_length: Returns the integer value of field 'Content-Length'.

  • content_range: Returns the Range value of field 'Content-Range'.

  • content_type: Returns the string value of field 'Content-Type'.

  • fetch: Returns the string field value for the given key.

  • get_fields: Returns the array field value for the given key.

  • main_type: Returns first part of the string value of field 'Content-Type'.

  • sub_type: Returns second part of the string value of field 'Content-Type'.

  • range: Returns an array of Range objects of field 'Range', or nil.

  • range_length: Returns the integer length of the range given in field 'Content-Range'.

  • type_params: Returns the string parameters for 'Content-Type'.

Queries

  • chunked?: Returns whether field 'Transfer-Encoding' is set to 'chunked'.

  • connection_close?: Returns whether field 'Connection' is set to 'close'.

  • connection_keep_alive?: Returns whether field 'Connection' is set to 'keep-alive'.

  • key?: Returns whether a given key exists.

Iterators

Public Instance Methods

[](key) click to toggle source

Returns the string field value for the case-insensitive field key, or nil if there is no such key; see Fields:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['Connection'] # => "keep-alive"
res['Nosuch']     # => nil

Note that some field values may be retrieved via convenience methods; see Getters.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 216
def [](key)
  a = @header[key.downcase.to_s] or return nil
  a.join(', ')
end
[]=(key, val) click to toggle source

Sets the value for the case-insensitive key to val, overwriting the previous value if the field exists; see Fields:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req['Accept'] # => "*/*"
req['Accept'] = 'text/html'
req['Accept'] # => "text/html"

Note that some field values may be set via convenience methods; see Setters.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 232
def []=(key, val)
  unless val
    @header.delete key.downcase.to_s
    return val
  end
  set_field(key, val)
end
add_field(key, val) click to toggle source

Adds value val to the value array for field key if the field exists; creates the field with the given key and val if it does not exist. see Fields:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req.add_field('Foo', 'bar')
req['Foo']            # => "bar"
req.add_field('Foo', 'baz')
req['Foo']            # => "bar, baz"
req.add_field('Foo', %w[baz bam])
req['Foo']            # => "bar, baz, baz, bam"
req.get_fields('Foo') # => ["bar", "baz", "baz", "bam"]
# File net/http/header.rb, line 253
def add_field(key, val)
  stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
  if @header.key?(stringified_downcased_key)
    append_field_value(@header[stringified_downcased_key], val)
  else
    set_field(key, val)
  end
end
basic_auth(account, password) click to toggle source

Set the Authorization: header for “Basic” authorization.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 856
def basic_auth(account, password)
  @header['authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
end
canonical_each()
Alias for: each_capitalized
chunked?() click to toggle source

Returns true if field 'Transfer-Encoding' exists and has value 'chunked', false otherwise; see Transfer-Encoding response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['Transfer-Encoding'] # => "chunked"
res.chunked?             # => true
# File net/http/header.rb, line 646
def chunked?
  return false unless @header['transfer-encoding']
  field = self['Transfer-Encoding']
  (/(?:\A|[^\-\w])chunked(?![\-\w])/i =~ field) ? true : false
end
connection_close?() click to toggle source
# File net/http/header.rb, line 870
def connection_close?
  token = /(?:\A|,)\s*close\s*(?:\z|,)/i
  @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
  @header['proxy-connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
  false
end
connection_keep_alive?() click to toggle source
# File net/http/header.rb, line 877
def connection_keep_alive?
  token = /(?:\A|,)\s*keep-alive\s*(?:\z|,)/i
  @header['connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
  @header['proxy-connection']&.grep(token) {return true}
  false
end
content_length() click to toggle source

Returns the value of field 'Content-Length' as an integer, or nil if there is no such field; see Content-Length request header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/nosuch/1')
res.content_length # => 2
res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res.content_length # => nil
# File net/http/header.rb, line 608
def content_length
  return nil unless key?('Content-Length')
  len = self['Content-Length'].slice(/\d+/) or
      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Length format'
  len.to_i
end
content_length=(len) click to toggle source

Sets the value of field 'Content-Length' to the given numeric; see Content-Length response header:

_uri = uri.dup
hostname = _uri.hostname           # => "jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"
_uri.path = '/posts'               # => "/posts"
req = Net::HTTP::Post.new(_uri)    # => #<Net::HTTP::Post POST>
req.body = '{"title": "foo","body": "bar","userId": 1}'
req.content_length = req.body.size # => 42
req.content_type = 'application/json'
res = Net::HTTP.start(hostname) do |http|
  http.request(req)
end # => #<Net::HTTPCreated 201 Created readbody=true>
# File net/http/header.rb, line 629
def content_length=(len)
  unless len
    @header.delete 'content-length'
    return nil
  end
  @header['content-length'] = [len.to_i.to_s]
end
content_range() click to toggle source

Returns a Range object representing the value of field 'Content-Range', or nil if no such field exists; see Content-Range response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['Content-Range'] # => nil
res['Content-Range'] = 'bytes 0-499/1000'
res['Content-Range'] # => "bytes 0-499/1000"
res.content_range    # => 0..499
# File net/http/header.rb, line 662
def content_range
  return nil unless @header['content-range']
  m = %r<\A\s*(\w+)\s+(\d+)-(\d+)/(\d+|\*)>.match(self['Content-Range']) or
      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'wrong Content-Range format'
  return unless m[1] == 'bytes'
  m[2].to_i .. m[3].to_i
end
content_type() click to toggle source

Returns the media type from the value of field 'Content-Type', or nil if no such field exists; see Content-Type response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
res.content_type    # => "application/json"
# File net/http/header.rb, line 693
def content_type
  return nil unless main_type()
  if sub_type()
  then "#{main_type()}/#{sub_type()}"
  else main_type()
  end
end
content_type=(type, params = {})
Alias for: set_content_type
delete(key) click to toggle source

Removes the header for the given case-insensitive key (see Fields); returns the deleted value, or nil if no such field exists:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req.delete('Accept') # => ["*/*"]
req.delete('Nosuch') # => nil
# File net/http/header.rb, line 445
def delete(key)
  @header.delete(key.downcase.to_s)
end
each()
Alias for: each_header
each_capitalized() { |capitalize(k), join(', ')| ... } click to toggle source

Like each_header, but the keys are returned in capitalized form.

Net::HTTPHeader#canonical_each is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#each_capitalized.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 476
def each_capitalized
  block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
  @header.each do |k,v|
    yield capitalize(k), v.join(', ')
  end
end
Also aliased as: canonical_each
each_capitalized_name() { |key| ... } click to toggle source

Calls the block with each capitalized field name:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res.each_capitalized_name do |key|
  p key if key.start_with?('C')
end

Output:

"Content-Type"
"Connection"
"Cache-Control"
"Cf-Cache-Status"
"Cf-Ray"

The capitalization is system-dependent; see Case Mapping.

Returns an enumerator if no block is given.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 409
def each_capitalized_name  #:yield: +key+
  block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
  @header.each_key do |k|
    yield capitalize(k)
  end
end
each_header() { |key| ... } click to toggle source

Calls the block with each key/value pair:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res.each_header do |key, value|
  p [key, value] if key.start_with?('c')
end

Output:

["content-type", "application/json; charset=utf-8"]
["connection", "keep-alive"]
["cache-control", "max-age=43200"]
["cf-cache-status", "HIT"]
["cf-ray", "771d17e9bc542cf5-ORD"]

Returns an enumerator if no block is given.

Net::HTTPHeader#each is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#each_header.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 356
def each_header   #:yield: +key+, +value+
  block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
  @header.each do |k,va|
    yield k, va.join(', ')
  end
end
Also aliased as: each
each_key()
Alias for: each_name
each_name() { |key| ... } click to toggle source

Calls the block with each field key:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res.each_key do |key|
  p key if key.start_with?('c')
end

Output:

"content-type"
"connection"
"cache-control"
"cf-cache-status"
"cf-ray"

Returns an enumerator if no block is given.

Net::HTTPHeader#each_name is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#each_key.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 383
def each_name(&block)   #:yield: +key+
  block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
  @header.each_key(&block)
end
Also aliased as: each_key
each_value() { |value| ... } click to toggle source

Calls the block with each string field value:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res.each_value do |value|
  p value if value.start_with?('c')
end

Output:

"chunked"
"cf-q-config;dur=6.0000002122251e-06"
"cloudflare"

Returns an enumerator if no block is given.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 430
def each_value   #:yield: +value+
  block_given? or return enum_for(__method__) { @header.size }
  @header.each_value do |va|
    yield va.join(', ')
  end
end
fetch(key, default_val = nil) {|key| ... } → object click to toggle source
fetch(key, default_val = nil) → value or default_val

With a block, returns the string value for key if it exists; otherwise returns the value of the block; ignores the default_val; see Fields:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')

# Field exists; block not called.
res.fetch('Connection') do |value|
  fail 'Cannot happen'
end # => "keep-alive"

# Field does not exist; block called.
res.fetch('Nosuch') do |value|
  value.downcase
end # => "nosuch"

With no block, returns the string value for key if it exists; otherwise, returns default_val if it was given; otherwise raises an exception:

res.fetch('Connection', 'Foo') # => "keep-alive"
res.fetch('Nosuch', 'Foo')     # => "Foo"
res.fetch('Nosuch')            # Raises KeyError.
# File net/http/header.rb, line 333
def fetch(key, *args, &block)   #:yield: +key+
  a = @header.fetch(key.downcase.to_s, *args, &block)
  a.kind_of?(Array) ? a.join(', ') : a
end
form_data=(params, sep = '&')
Alias for: set_form_data
get_fields(key) click to toggle source

Returns the array field value for the given key, or nil if there is no such field; see Fields:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res.get_fields('Connection') # => ["keep-alive"]
res.get_fields('Nosuch')     # => nil
# File net/http/header.rb, line 298
def get_fields(key)
  stringified_downcased_key = key.downcase.to_s
  return nil unless @header[stringified_downcased_key]
  @header[stringified_downcased_key].dup
end
key?(key) click to toggle source

Returns true if the field for the case-insensitive key exists, false otherwise:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req.key?('Accept') # => true
req.key?('Nosuch') # => false
# File net/http/header.rb, line 455
def key?(key)
  @header.key?(key.downcase.to_s)
end
main_type() click to toggle source

Returns the leading (‘type’) part of the media type from the value of field 'Content-Type', or nil if no such field exists; see Content-Type response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
res.main_type       # => "application"
# File net/http/header.rb, line 711
def main_type
  return nil unless @header['content-type']
  self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')[0].to_s.strip
end
proxy_basic_auth(account, password) click to toggle source

Set Proxy-Authorization: header for “Basic” authorization.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 861
def proxy_basic_auth(account, password)
  @header['proxy-authorization'] = [basic_encode(account, password)]
end
range() click to toggle source

Returns an array of Range objects that represent the value of field 'Range', or nil if there is no such field; see Range request header:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req['Range'] = 'bytes=0-99,200-299,400-499'
req.range # => [0..99, 200..299, 400..499]
req.delete('Range')
req.range # # => nil
# File net/http/header.rb, line 501
def range
  return nil unless @header['range']

  value = self['Range']
  # byte-range-set = *( "," OWS ) ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec )
  #   *( OWS "," [ OWS ( byte-range-spec / suffix-byte-range-spec ) ] )
  # corrected collected ABNF
  # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#section-5.4.1
  # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p5-range-19#appendix-C
  # http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p1-messaging-19#section-3.2.5
  unless /\Abytes=((?:,[ \t]*)*(?:\d+-\d*|-\d+)(?:[ \t]*,(?:[ \t]*\d+-\d*|-\d+)?)*)\z/ =~ value
    raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid syntax for byte-ranges-specifier: '#{value}'"
  end

  byte_range_set = $1
  result = byte_range_set.split(/,/).map {|spec|
    m = /(\d+)?\s*-\s*(\d+)?/i.match(spec) or
            raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "invalid byte-range-spec: '#{spec}'"
    d1 = m[1].to_i
    d2 = m[2].to_i
    if m[1] and m[2]
      if d1 > d2
        raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, "last-byte-pos MUST greater than or equal to first-byte-pos but '#{spec}'"
      end
      d1..d2
    elsif m[1]
      d1..-1
    elsif m[2]
      -d2..-1
    else
      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range is not specified'
    end
  }
  # if result.empty?
  # byte-range-set must include at least one byte-range-spec or suffix-byte-range-spec
  # but above regexp already denies it.
  if result.size == 1 && result[0].begin == 0 && result[0].end == -1
    raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'only one suffix-byte-range-spec with zero suffix-length'
  end
  result
end
range=(r, e = nil)
Alias for: set_range
range_length() click to toggle source

Returns the integer representing length of the value of field 'Content-Range', or nil if no such field exists; see Content-Range response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['Content-Range'] # => nil
res['Content-Range'] = 'bytes 0-499/1000'
res.range_length     # => 500
# File net/http/header.rb, line 679
def range_length
  r = content_range() or return nil
  r.end - r.begin + 1
end
set_content_type(type, params = {}) click to toggle source

Sets the value of field 'Content-Type'; returns the new value; see Content-Type request header:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req.set_content_type('application/json') # => ["application/json"]

Net::HTTPHeader#content_type= is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#set_content_type.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 760
def set_content_type(type, params = {})
  @header['content-type'] = [type + params.map{|k,v|"; #{k}=#{v}"}.join('')]
end
Also aliased as: content_type=
set_form(params, enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded', formopt={}) click to toggle source

Set an HTML form data set.

params

The form data to set, which should be an enumerable. See below for more details.

enctype

The content type to use to encode the form submission, which should be application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data.

formopt

An options hash, supporting the following options:

:boundary

The boundary of the multipart message. If not given, a random boundary will be used.

:charset

The charset of the form submission. All field names and values of non-file fields should be encoded with this charset.

Each item of params should respond to each and yield 2-3 arguments, or an array of 2-3 elements. The arguments yielded should be:

  • The name of the field.

  • The value of the field, it should be a String or a File or IO-like.

  • An options hash, supporting the following options (used only for file uploads); entries:

    • :filename: The name of the file to use.

    • :content_type: The content type of the uploaded file.

Each item is a file field or a normal field. If value is a File object or the opt hash has a :filename key, the item is treated as a file field.

If Transfer-Encoding is set as chunked, this sends the request using chunked encoding. Because chunked encoding is HTTP/1.1 feature, you should confirm that the server supports HTTP/1.1 before using chunked encoding.

Example:

req.set_form([["q", "ruby"], ["lang", "en"]])

req.set_form({"f"=>File.open('/path/to/filename')},
             "multipart/form-data",
             charset: "UTF-8",
)

req.set_form([["f",
               File.open('/path/to/filename.bar'),
               {filename: "other-filename.foo"}
             ]],
             "multipart/form-data",
)

See also RFC 2388, RFC 2616, HTML 4.01, and HTML5

# File net/http/header.rb, line 841
def set_form(params, enctype='application/x-www-form-urlencoded', formopt={})
  @body_data = params
  @body = nil
  @body_stream = nil
  @form_option = formopt
  case enctype
  when /\Aapplication\/x-www-form-urlencoded\z/i,
    /\Amultipart\/form-data\z/i
    self.content_type = enctype
  else
    raise ArgumentError, "invalid enctype: #{enctype}"
  end
end
set_form_data(params, sep = '&') click to toggle source

Set header fields and a body from HTML form data. params should be an Array of Arrays or a Hash containing HTML form data. Optional argument sep means data record separator.

Values are URL encoded as necessary and the content-type is set to application/x-www-form-urlencoded

Example:

http.form_data = {"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}
http.form_data = {"q" => ["ruby", "perl"], "lang" => "en"}
http.set_form_data({"q" => "ruby", "lang" => "en"}, ';')

Net::HTTPHeader#form_data= is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#set_form_data.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 781
def set_form_data(params, sep = '&')
  query = URI.encode_www_form(params)
  query.gsub!(/&/, sep) if sep != '&'
  self.body = query
  self.content_type = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
end
Also aliased as: form_data=
set_range(length) → length click to toggle source
set_range(offset, length) → range
set_range(begin..length) → range

Sets the value for field 'Range'; see Range request header:

With argument length:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req.set_range(100)      # => 100
req['Range']            # => "bytes=0-99"

With arguments offset and length:

req.set_range(100, 100) # => 100...200
req['Range']            # => "bytes=100-199"

With argument range:

req.set_range(100..199) # => 100..199
req['Range']            # => "bytes=100-199"

Net::HTTPHeader#range= is an alias for Net::HTTPHeader#set_range.

# File net/http/header.rb, line 568
def set_range(r, e = nil)
  unless r
    @header.delete 'range'
    return r
  end
  r = (r...r+e) if e
  case r
  when Numeric
    n = r.to_i
    rangestr = (n > 0 ? "0-#{n-1}" : "-#{-n}")
  when Range
    first = r.first
    last = r.end
    last -= 1 if r.exclude_end?
    if last == -1
      rangestr = (first > 0 ? "#{first}-" : "-#{-first}")
    else
      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.first is negative' if first < 0
      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'range.last is negative' if last < 0
      raise Net::HTTPHeaderSyntaxError, 'must be .first < .last' if first > last
      rangestr = "#{first}-#{last}"
    end
  else
    raise TypeError, 'Range/Integer is required'
  end
  @header['range'] = ["bytes=#{rangestr}"]
  r
end
Also aliased as: range=
sub_type() click to toggle source

Returns the trailing (‘subtype’) part of the media type from the value of field 'Content-Type', or nil if no such field exists; see Content-Type response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
res.sub_type        # => "json"
# File net/http/header.rb, line 726
def sub_type
  return nil unless @header['content-type']
  _, sub = *self['Content-Type'].split(';').first.to_s.split('/')
  return nil unless sub
  sub.strip
end
to_hash() click to toggle source

Returns a hash of the key/value pairs:

req = Net::HTTP::Get.new(uri)
req.to_hash
# =>
{"accept-encoding"=>["gzip;q=1.0,deflate;q=0.6,identity;q=0.3"],
 "accept"=>["*/*"],
 "user-agent"=>["Ruby"],
 "host"=>["jsonplaceholder.typicode.com"]}
# File net/http/header.rb, line 469
def to_hash
  @header.dup
end
type_params() click to toggle source

Returns the trailing (‘parameters’) part of the value of field 'Content-Type', or nil if no such field exists; see Content-Type response header:

res = Net::HTTP.get_response(hostname, '/todos/1')
res['content-type'] # => "application/json; charset=utf-8"
res.type_params     # => {"charset"=>"utf-8"}
# File net/http/header.rb, line 741
def type_params
  result = {}
  list = self['Content-Type'].to_s.split(';')
  list.shift
  list.each do |param|
    k, v = *param.split('=', 2)
    result[k.strip] = v.strip
  end
  result
end

Private Instance Methods

append_field_value(ary, val) click to toggle source
# File net/http/header.rb, line 277
        def append_field_value(ary, val)
  case val
  when Enumerable
    val.each{|x| append_field_value(ary, x)}
  else
    val = val.to_s
    if /[\r\n]/n.match?(val.b)
      raise ArgumentError, 'header field value cannot include CR/LF'
    end
    ary.push val
  end
end
basic_encode(account, password) click to toggle source
# File net/http/header.rb, line 865
def basic_encode(account, password)
  'Basic ' + ["#{account}:#{password}"].pack('m0')
end
capitalize(name) click to toggle source
# File net/http/header.rb, line 485
def capitalize(name)
  name.to_s.split(/-/).map {|s| s.capitalize }.join('-')
end
set_field(key, val) click to toggle source
# File net/http/header.rb, line 262
        def set_field(key, val)
  case val
  when Enumerable
    ary = []
    append_field_value(ary, val)
    @header[key.downcase.to_s] = ary
  else
    val = val.to_s # for compatibility use to_s instead of to_str
    if val.b.count("\r\n") > 0
      raise ArgumentError, 'header field value cannot include CR/LF'
    end
    @header[key.downcase.to_s] = [val]
  end
end