module CGI::Util
Constants
- TABLE_FOR_ESCAPE_HTML__
The set of special characters and their escaped values
Public Instance Methods
URL-encode a string into application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Space characters (+“ ”+) are encoded with plus signs (+“+”+)
url_encoded_string = CGI.escape("'Stop!' said Fred") # => "%27Stop%21%27+said+Fred"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 14 def escape(string) encoding = string.encoding buffer = string.b buffer.gsub!(/([^ a-zA-Z0-9_.\-~]+)/) do |m| '%' + m.unpack('H2' * m.bytesize).join('%').upcase end buffer.tr!(' ', '+') buffer.force_encoding(encoding) end
Escape only the tags of certain HTML elements in string
.
Takes an element or elements or array of elements. Each element is specified by the name of the element, without angle brackets. This matches both the start and the end tag of that element. The attribute list of the open tag will also be escaped (for instance, the double-quotes surrounding attribute values).
print CGI.escapeElement('<BR><A HREF="url"></A>', "A", "IMG") # "<BR><A HREF="url"></A>" print CGI.escapeElement('<BR><A HREF="url"></A>', ["A", "IMG"]) # "<BR><A HREF="url"></A>"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 184 def escapeElement(string, *elements) elements = elements[0] if elements[0].kind_of?(Array) unless elements.empty? string.gsub(/<\/?(?:#{elements.join("|")})(?!\w)(?:.|\n)*?>/i) do CGI.escapeHTML($&) end else string end end
Escape special characters in HTML, namely ‘&"<>
CGI.escapeHTML('Usage: foo "bar" <baz>') # => "Usage: foo "bar" <baz>"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 77 def escapeHTML(string) enc = string.encoding unless enc.ascii_compatible? if enc.dummy? origenc = enc enc = Encoding::Converter.asciicompat_encoding(enc) string = enc ? string.encode(enc) : string.b end table = Hash[TABLE_FOR_ESCAPE_HTML__.map {|pair|pair.map {|s|s.encode(enc)}}] string = string.gsub(/#{"['&\"<>]".encode(enc)}/, table) string.encode!(origenc) if origenc string else string = string.b string.gsub!(/['&\"<>]/, TABLE_FOR_ESCAPE_HTML__) string.force_encoding(enc) end end
URL-encode a string following RFC 3986 Space characters (+“ ”+) are encoded with (+“%20”+)
url_encoded_string = CGI.escapeURIComponent("'Stop!' said Fred") # => "%27Stop%21%27%20said%20Fred"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 41 def escapeURIComponent(string) encoding = string.encoding buffer = string.b buffer.gsub!(/([^a-zA-Z0-9_.\-~]+)/) do |m| '%' + m.unpack('H2' * m.bytesize).join('%').upcase end buffer.force_encoding(encoding) end
Prettify (indent) an HTML string.
string
is the HTML string to indent. shift
is the indentation unit to use; it defaults to two spaces.
print CGI.pretty("<HTML><BODY></BODY></HTML>") # <HTML> # <BODY> # </BODY> # </HTML> print CGI.pretty("<HTML><BODY></BODY></HTML>", "\t") # <HTML> # <BODY> # </BODY> # </HTML>
# File cgi/util.rb, line 246 def pretty(string, shift = " ") lines = string.gsub(/(?!\A)<.*?>/m, "\n\\0").gsub(/<.*?>(?!\n)/m, "\\0\n") end_pos = 0 while end_pos = lines.index(/^<\/(\w+)/, end_pos) element = $1.dup start_pos = lines.rindex(/^\s*<#{element}/i, end_pos) lines[start_pos ... end_pos] = "__" + lines[start_pos ... end_pos].gsub(/\n(?!\z)/, "\n" + shift) + "__" end lines.gsub(/^((?:#{Regexp::quote(shift)})*)__(?=<\/?\w)/, '\1') end
Format a Time
object as a String using the format specified by RFC 1123.
CGI.rfc1123_date(Time.now) # Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT
# File cgi/util.rb, line 225 def rfc1123_date(time) time.getgm.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %T GMT") end
URL-decode an application/x-www-form-urlencoded string with encoding(optional).
string = CGI.unescape("%27Stop%21%27+said+Fred") # => "'Stop!' said Fred"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 27 def unescape(string, encoding = @@accept_charset) str = string.tr('+', ' ') str = str.b str.gsub!(/((?:%[0-9a-fA-F]{2})+)/) do |m| [m.delete('%')].pack('H*') end str.force_encoding(encoding) str.valid_encoding? ? str : str.force_encoding(string.encoding) end
Undo escaping such as that done by CGI.escapeElement()
print CGI.unescapeElement( CGI.escapeHTML('<BR><A HREF="url"></A>'), "A", "IMG") # "<BR><A HREF="url"></A>" print CGI.unescapeElement( CGI.escapeHTML('<BR><A HREF="url"></A>'), ["A", "IMG"]) # "<BR><A HREF="url"></A>"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 204 def unescapeElement(string, *elements) elements = elements[0] if elements[0].kind_of?(Array) unless elements.empty? string.gsub(/<\/?(?:#{elements.join("|")})(?!\w)(?:.|\n)*?>/i) do unescapeHTML($&) end else string end end
Unescape a string that has been HTML-escaped
CGI.unescapeHTML("Usage: foo "bar" <baz>") # => "Usage: foo \"bar\" <baz>"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 107 def unescapeHTML(string) enc = string.encoding unless enc.ascii_compatible? if enc.dummy? origenc = enc enc = Encoding::Converter.asciicompat_encoding(enc) string = enc ? string.encode(enc) : string.b end string = string.gsub(Regexp.new('&(apos|amp|quot|gt|lt|#[0-9]+|#x[0-9A-Fa-f]+);'.encode(enc))) do case $1.encode(Encoding::US_ASCII) when 'apos' then "'".encode(enc) when 'amp' then '&'.encode(enc) when 'quot' then '"'.encode(enc) when 'gt' then '>'.encode(enc) when 'lt' then '<'.encode(enc) when /\A#0*(\d+)\z/ then $1.to_i.chr(enc) when /\A#x([0-9a-f]+)\z/i then $1.hex.chr(enc) end end string.encode!(origenc) if origenc return string end return string unless string.include? '&' charlimit = case enc when Encoding::UTF_8; 0x10ffff when Encoding::ISO_8859_1; 256 else 128 end string = string.b string.gsub!(/&(apos|amp|quot|gt|lt|\#[0-9]+|\#[xX][0-9A-Fa-f]+);/) do match = $1.dup case match when 'apos' then "'" when 'amp' then '&' when 'quot' then '"' when 'gt' then '>' when 'lt' then '<' when /\A#0*(\d+)\z/ n = $1.to_i if n < charlimit n.chr(enc) else "&##{$1};" end when /\A#x([0-9a-f]+)\z/i n = $1.hex if n < charlimit n.chr(enc) else "&#x#{$1};" end else "&#{match};" end end string.force_encoding enc end
URL-decode a string following RFC 3986 with encoding(optional).
string = CGI.unescapeURIComponent("%27Stop%21%27+said%20Fred") # => "'Stop!'+said Fred"
# File cgi/util.rb, line 54 def unescapeURIComponent(string, encoding = @@accept_charset) str = string.b str.gsub!(/((?:%[0-9a-fA-F]{2})+)/) do |m| [m.delete('%')].pack('H*') end str.force_encoding(encoding) str.valid_encoding? ? str : str.force_encoding(string.encoding) end